Business valuation consultancy involves analysing the financial, operational and commercial position of a company to estimate the value of the business or its equity shares for a specific purpose.

A valuation may be required for fundraising, share transfers, mergers, acquisitions, restructuring, ESOPs, taxation, regulatory compliance, shareholder exits and strategic planning.

A business may be valued using the income approach, market approach, asset approach or a combination of methods. The appropriate method depends on the company’s business model, financial information, growth stage and valuation purpose.

Turnaround generally runs one to four weeks depending on complexity, and fees typically range from around ₹25,000 for a straightforward single-purpose report to well over ₹2,00,000 for a multi-framework valuation covering Companies Act, FEMA, and Income Tax requirements together. Complexity — not company size alone — is what drives both timeline and cost, since a valuation touching multiple regulatory frameworks needs separate methodology and documentation for each.

A valuation represents an estimate as of a specified valuation date.

It does not remain valid indefinitely because financial performance, market conditions and business circumstances can change.

A fresh or updated valuation may be required if the transaction is delayed or material circumstances change.

We can assist with transaction coordination and valuation advisory for transactions involving resident and non-resident parties.

The assignment must be evaluated under the applicable foreign exchange, company law and taxation requirements in force at the relevant time.

It depends on the purpose — an IBBI Registered Valuer for Companies Act and IBC matters, a SEBI Category I Merchant Banker for DCF valuations under Income Tax Rule 11UA, and a practising Chartered Accountant for NAV-based Income Tax or FEMA certificates. Since February 2019, only registered valuers can undertake valuations required under the Companies Act, 2013 and the Insolvency and Bankruptcy Code, 2016. Using the wrong professional for a given regulatory context is one of the most common reasons a valuation report gets rejected on filing.

No. Each regulatory context — ESOP, preferential allotment, FEMA pricing, slump sale — has its own required methodology, format, and authorised signing professional, and a report prepared for one cannot simply be relabelled for another. An ESOP FMV certificate attached to a board resolution follows a different process than a Section 62 preferential allotment valuation, even if the underlying business is the same. We flag this early precisely because founders often assume one report can be stretched to cover multiple needs.

Yes. FEMA pricing guidelines require a valuation certificate for foreign investment into Indian company shares or transfers between resident and non-resident parties, certified by a SEBI-registered Merchant Banker or a practising Chartered Accountant. This certificate is submitted to the authorised dealer bank as part of the transaction filing, and getting the pricing methodology wrong can delay or complicate the entire cross-border transaction.